Campo Troupial Icterus jamacaii(aka Troupial Icterus icterus jamaicaii,alternative spelling Icterus jamaicaii)
Brazilian name : corrupião
The Campo Troupial is found in north-east Brazil and is a Brazilian endemic. It inhabits drier areas such as caatinga and savannah as well as deciduous woodlands.
Many authorities such as Ridgely & Tudor and Howard & Moore treat the Campo Troupial as a sub-ѕрeсіeѕ of Troupial Icterus icterus. However, having seen this Campo Troupial and the Orange-backed Troupial I. croconotus, I am inclined to follow Jaramillo & Burke in separating Troupial I. icterus into 3 ѕрeсіeѕ. Clements accepted this treatment in his update of the 5th edition.
Campo Troupial differs from Troupial in having orange rather than white on the greater coverts, white on the wing гeѕtгісted to the secondaries and a гeѕtгісted area of blue skin round the eyes. Orange-backed Troupial has an orange crown, nape and back.
Jaramillo comments that, like the other 2 troupials, Campo Troupial does not build its own nest but piratises the nest of other birds. It prefers domed nests so the nests most frequently piratised are those of ѕрeсіeѕ such as Firewood Gatherer Anumbius annumbi and Rufous Cachalote Pseudoseisura cristata. On the other hand, Steve Hilty in Birds of Venezuela says that nest usurpation is not reported for Orange-backed or Campo Troupials… so it looks as though there are quite a few points about this ѕрeсіeѕ that need clarification.